1、安装
查看有没有安装过: yum list installed mysql* rpm -qa | grep mysql*查看有没有安装包: yum list mysql*安装mysql客户端: yum install mysql安装mysql 服务器端: yum install mysql-server配置MySQL
[root@sample ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf ← 编辑MySQL的配置文件[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).old_passwords=1 ← 找到这一行,在这一行的下面添加新的规则,让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8default-character-set = utf8 ← 添加这一行然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句:[mysql]default-character-set = utf8启动MySQL服务
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig mysqld on ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动[root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld ← 确认MySQL自启动 mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ← 如果2--5为on的状态就OK[root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ← 启动MySQL服务Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]Starting MySQL: [ OK ]MySQL初始环境设定[1]为MySQL的root用户设置密码
MySQL在刚刚被安装的时候,它的root用户是没有被设置密码的。首先来设置MySQL的root密码。[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 用root用户登录MySQL服务器Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 4.1.20Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息+------+------------------------------+---------------+| user | host | password |+------+------------------------------+---------------+| root | localhost | | ← root密码为空 | root | sample.centospub.com | | ← root密码为空| | sample.centospub.com | || | localhost | ||root | % |XXX || | | |+------+------------------------------+---------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> set password for root@'sample.centospub.com'=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)只有设置了这个才可以,才可以通过数据库来安装网址mysql> set password for root@'xxx'=password('xxx'); ← 设置root密码Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+| user | host | password |+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+| root | localhost | 19b68057189b027f | ← root密码被设置| root | sample.centospub.com | 19b68057189b027f | ← root密码被设置| | sample.centospub.com | || | localhost | |+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye然后,测试一下root密码有没有生效。[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 通过空密码用root登录ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com ← 通过空密码用root登录ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功[root@sample ~]#mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录Your MySQL connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.mysql> exitBye[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 4.1.20Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye[2] 删除匿名用户在MySQL刚刚被安装后,存在用户名、密码为空的用户。这使得数据库服务器有无需密码被登录的可能性。为消除隐患,将匿名用户删除。[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 7 to server version: 4.1.20Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息+------+----------------------------+| user | host |+------+----------------------------+| | localhost || root | localhost || | sample.centospub.com || root | sample.centospub.com |+------+----------------------------+4 rows in set (0.02 sec)mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=''; ← 删除匿名用户Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息+------+----------------------------+| user | host |+------+----------------------------+| root | localhost || root | sample.centospub.com |+------+----------------------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye好了,下面都不是必须的忘记密码: service mysqld stop mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables mysql -u root use mysql update user set password=password("new_pass") where user="root"; flush privileges; 数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/配置文件 /usr/share /mysql(mysql.server命令及配置文件)相关命令 /usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)